Hepatitis C is a viral infection caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver. Unfortunately, many individuals with hepatitis C are unaware of their infection due to its asymptomatic nature in the early stages of the disease.
For many people infected with hepatitis C, only when the liver has sustained damage do they find out they have the virus. Therefore, you need to recognize the early signs of hepatitis C for timely diagnosis and treatment. If left untreated, hepatitis C and its effects on the liver can be life-threatening.
What Causes Hepatitis C?
Hepatitis C infection is a result of being exposed to the blood of an infected individual, which can occur through the following:
- Intravenous drug use – Sharing of needles or equipment among drug users.
- Blood transfusions and organ transplants – Although rare now due to rigorous screening, prior to 1992, blood transfusions and organ transplants were a significant source of HCV transmission.
- Medical procedures – Inadequate sterilization of medical equipment.
- Unprotected sexual contact – Although less common, engaging in unprotected sexual activity with an infected partner can transmit the virus.
- Sharing of personal care items –Toothbrushes, scissors, and razors can become contaminated with infected blood if shared with others.
- Tattooing and body piercing –If not properly sterilized, needles and other equipment can cause a hep C infection.
What Are the Symptoms and the Impact of Hepatitis C on the Body?
Hepatitis C is sometimes referred to as “the silent killer.” Pay attention to the following symptoms, as it could indicate an infection:
- Fatigue – Persistent and unexplained fatigue is a common early symptom of hepatitis C.
- Jaundice – Yellowing of the skin and eyes occurs when the liver is unable to process bilirubin effectively.
- Abdominal pain – Some individuals may experience mild to severe abdominal discomfort or pain.
- Nausea and loss of appetite – Hepatitis C can lead to a loss of appetite, nausea, and occasional vomiting.
- Joint and muscle pain – Joint and muscle pain may be present, along with a general feeling of malaise.
- Dark urine and pale stools – Changes in urine color and light-colored stools can indicate liver dysfunction.
If left untreated, hepatitis C can severely impact liver health, causing inflammation, scarring of the liver, and liver cancer. Hepatitis C can also impact other bodily systems due to chronic inflammation and compromised liver function. Individuals with hepatitis C may develop kidney problems and cardiovascular disorders.
How is Hepatitis C Treated?
Advancements in medical research have led to the development of effective treatments for hepatitis C. The goal of treatment is to eradicate the virus from the body and prevent further liver damage.
Treatment for hepatitis C may include:
Antiviral Medications
Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications are the standard of care for hepatitis C treatment. They work by targeting specific steps in the virus’s replication process, leading to a cure rate exceeding 95%.
Monitoring and Follow-up
Regular monitoring of liver function and viral load is essential during and after treatment to assess the progress and prevent relapses.
Lifestyle Changes
Adopting a healthy lifestyle is crucial in managing hepatitis C. This includes avoiding alcohol and tobacco, maintaining a balanced diet, and engaging in regular physical activity.
Vaccinations
Individuals with hepatitis C should receive vaccinations for hepatitis A and B to prevent further liver damage.
Hepatitis C Treatment in Austin, TX
Our highly skilled gastrointestinal (GI) specialists at Austin Gastroenterology are focused on preserving the health of your liver. We are proud to say treatment has come a long way since, and hepatitis C, whether acute or chronic, can be cured in most cases.
With a personalized treatment plan, we can help you heal and feel better. To schedule an appointment with one of our GI specialists, call our clinic nearest to you or use our online form. We look forward to being your partner in better GI health.
